Isikhumba sePVC

  • Umgangatho olungileyo onganyangekiyo kumlilo wakudala wepatheni ye-litchi yengqolowa yevinyl eyenziwe ngesikhumba kwisitulo semoto ngaphakathi kwimoto

    Umgangatho olungileyo onganyangekiyo kumlilo wakudala wepatheni ye-litchi yengqolowa yevinyl eyenziwe ngesikhumba kwisitulo semoto ngaphakathi kwimoto

    Ipateni ye-Litchi luhlobo lwepateni yesikhumba esifakelwe. Njengoko igama lithetha, ipateni ye-lychee ifana nomgangatho we-lychee.
    Ipateni ye-lychee eboshiweyo: iimveliso zesikhumba zenkomo zicinezelwe yintsimbi ye-lychee iphethini yokufaka i-plate embossing ukuvelisa i-lychee pattern effect.
    Ipateni ye-Litchi, i-lychee iphethini yesikhumba okanye isikhumba.
    Ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba ezifana neengxowa, izihlangu, amabhanti, njl.

  • Imathiriyeli ehlaziyiweyo enesatifikethi se-GRS iipateni ezinqamlezileyo zesikhumba ezenziweyo kwiingxowa

    Imathiriyeli ehlaziyiweyo enesatifikethi se-GRS iipateni ezinqamlezileyo zesikhumba ezenziweyo kwiingxowa

    Ufele olulukiweyo luhlobo lwethwathwa olusikwa lube yimicu luze lulukwe ngokweepateni ezahlukeneyo. Olu hlobo lwethwathwa lukwabizwa ngokuba lufele olulukiweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngesikhumba ngenkozo eyonakeleyo kunye nesantya esisezantsi sokusetyenziswa, kodwa ezi zikhumba kufuneka zibe nobude obuncinci kunye neqondo elithile lokuqina. Emva kokulukwa kwiphepha elinobukhulu obufanayo bomnatha, olu thwathwa lusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ukwenza iimpahla eziphezulu zezihlangu kunye nesikhumba.

  • Ilaphu loMyili eliLukiweyo liQinisekile iPU Faux Isikhumba kwiibhegi ze-upholstery yasekhaya

    Ilaphu loMyili eliLukiweyo liQinisekile iPU Faux Isikhumba kwiibhegi ze-upholstery yasekhaya

    Ukulukwa kwesikhumba kubhekiselele kwinkqubo yokuluka imicu yesikhumba okanye imisonto yesikhumba kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izikhwama, izikhwama, amabhande, amabhanti kunye nezinye izinto. Eyona nto inkulu yokulukwa kwesikhumba kukuba isebenzisa izinto ezincinci, kodwa inkqubo inzima kwaye ifuna imisebenzi emininzi yezandla ukuze igqitywe, ngoko inexabiso eliphezulu lobugcisa kunye nexabiso lokuhombisa. Imbali yokulukwa kwesikhumba inokulandwa emva kwixesha lempucuko yamandulo. Ukutyhubela imbali, uninzi lwempucuko yakudala inesithethe sokusebenzisa ufele oluphothiweyo ukwenza impahla kunye nempahla, kwaye bayisebenzise ukubonisa iikhonsepthi zabo zobuhle kunye nezakhono zobugcisa. Ukulukwa kwesikhumba kunendlela yayo ekhethekileyo kunye neempawu kwiidynasties ezahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla, ibe ngumkhwa odumileyo kunye nesimboli senkcubeko ngelo xesha. Namhlanje, ngophuhliso kunye nokutsha kobuchwepheshe bale mihla, iimveliso zokuluka ngesikhumba ziye zaba yenye yeemveliso ezibalulekileyo kwiimveliso ezininzi ze-boutique. Itekhnoloji yemveliso yanamhlanje inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ngelixa iqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nobuhle beemveliso zesikhumba. Ngokumalunga noyilo, ukulukwa kwesikhumba kuye kwaqhekeka kwimiqobo yesithethe, kusenziwa izinto ezintsha rhoqo, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezitayile zenoveli ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Ukusetyenziswa kokulukwa kwesikhumba kuye kwanda kwihlabathi jikelele, kuba yeyona nto iphambili kwishishini lemveliso yesikhumba.

  • Marine Grade Vinyl Fabric PVC Isikhumba upholstery iimoto

    Marine Grade Vinyl Fabric PVC Isikhumba upholstery iimoto

    Kwangexesha elide, ukukhethwa kwezinto zangaphakathi kunye nangaphandle zokuhlobisa iinqanawa kunye neeyachts kube yingxaki enzima kwimeko yemozulu enzima yokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama ophezulu kunye nenkungu yetyuwa ephezulu elwandle. Inkampani yethu isungule uthotho lwamalaphu alungele amabakala okuhamba ngesikhephe, aluncedo ngakumbi kunesikhumba esiqhelekileyo ngokwemiqathango yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nobuphantsi, ukunqanda amadangatye, ukuxhathisa kokungunda, ukuchasana ne-antibacterial kunye ne-UV. Nokuba ziisofa zangaphandle zeenqanawa kunye neeyachts, okanye iisofa zangaphakathi, imiqamelo, kunye nokuhombisa kwangaphakathi, sinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
    I-1.QIANSIN LEATHER inokumelana novavanyo lwemeko enzima elwandle kwaye inokumelana nemiphumo yokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama kunye nokushisa okuphantsi.
    I-2.QIANSIN LEATHER iphumelele ngokulula iimvavanyo ze-flame retardant ze-BS5852 0 & 1 #, i-MVSS302, kunye ne-GB8410, ukufikelela kwisiphumo esihle sokunqanda ilangatye.
    I-3.QIANSIN LEATHER's mildew ebalaseleyo kunye noyilo lwe-antibacterial inokuthintela ukungunda kunye neebhaktheriya ekukhuleni phezulu kunye nangaphakathi kwelaphu, ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo ukwandisa ixesha lokusetyenziswa.
    I-4.QIANSIN LEATHER 650H iyamelana nokuguga kwe-UV, iqinisekisa ukuba imveliso inomsebenzi obalaseleyo wokuguga ngaphandle.

  • Umzi-mveliso wevenkile embossed Ipateni ye-PVB yeFaux ye-Faux ye-upholstery yesitulo semoto kunye nesofa

    Umzi-mveliso wevenkile embossed Ipateni ye-PVB yeFaux ye-Faux ye-upholstery yesitulo semoto kunye nesofa

    Isikhumba sePVC sisikhumba sokwenziwa esenziwe ngepolyvinyl chloride (PVC ngokufutshane).
    Isikhumba se-PVC senziwe ngokugquma i-PVC resin, i-plasticizer, i-stabilizer kunye nezinye izongezo kwilaphu ukwenza intlama, okanye ngokugquma umaleko wefilimu ye-PVC kwilaphu, uze uyiqhube ngenkqubo ethile. Le mveliso yezinto eziphathekayo inamandla amakhulu, ixabiso eliphantsi, isiphumo esihle sokuhlobisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokusetyenziswa. Nangona imvakalelo kunye nokunwebeka kweemfele ezininzi zePVC azikwazi ukufikelela kwisiphumo sethwathwa lokwenyani, liyakwazi ukuthatha indawo yesikhumba phantse kuso nasiphi na isiganeko kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukwenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemfuno zemihla ngemihla kunye neemveliso zamashishini. Imveliso yemveli yesikhumba ye-PVC yi-polyvinyl chloride yesikhumba sokwenziwa, kwaye kamva kwavela iindidi ezintsha ezifana ne-polyolefin yesikhumba kunye ne-nylon.
    Iimpawu zesikhumba zePVC zibandakanya ukusetyenzwa lula, ixabiso eliphantsi, isiphumo esihle sokuhombisa kunye nokusebenza kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa kwayo kweoli kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu akubikho, kwaye ukuthamba kwayo okuphantsi kunye nokuziva kwayo akubi kangako. Ngaphandle koku, i-PVC yesikhumba ikwindawo ebalulekileyo kushishino kunye nehlabathi lefashoni ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nemimandla yesicelo esibanzi. Ngokomzekelo, isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwizinto zefashini ezibandakanya iPrada, iChanel, iBurberry kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinkulu, ezibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo okubanzi kunye nokwamkelwa kuyilo lwangoku kunye nokuveliswa.

  • Ipateni eNxinyiweyo ye-PU yeMathiriyeli yoMzimba engangenwa ngamanzi kwilaphu leSintethisi leengxowa zezihlangu

    Ipateni eNxinyiweyo ye-PU yeMathiriyeli yoMzimba engangenwa ngamanzi kwilaphu leSintethisi leengxowa zezihlangu

    Izinto ze-Shoe pu zenziwe ngezinto ezenziweyo ezenziwe ngelaphu lesikhumba lokulinganisa, ukuthungwa kwayo komelele kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide, njengesikhumba sePVC, iphepha laseItaliyane, ufele oluhlaziyiweyo, njl. njl., inkqubo yokuvelisa inzima. Ngenxa yokuba ilaphu lesiseko se-PU linamandla okuqina, linokupeyintwa ezantsi, ukusuka ngaphandle alikwazi ukubona ubukho belaphu lesiseko, elaziwa ngokuba yisikhumba esisetyenzisiweyo, liphawulwa ngobunzima obulula, ukuxhathisa, ukutyibilika, ukubanda. kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kwemichiza, kodwa kulula ukuyikrazula, amandla amabi oomatshini kunye nokumelana nokukrazula, umbala ophambili umnyama okanye umdaka, ukuthungwa okuthambileyo.
    Izicathulo ze-PU zesikhumba ezenziwe ngendwangu ephezulu eyenziwe ngesikhumba samacandelo e-polyurethane. Umgangatho wezihlangu zesikhumba ze-PU nazo zilungile okanye zimbi, kwaye izihlangu ezilungileyo ze-PU zesikhumba zibiza kakhulu kunezihlangu zokwenyani.

    Iindlela zokulungisa: Hlamba ngamanzi kunye ne-detergent, ugweme ukuxutywa kwepetroli, awukwazi ukucocwa owomileyo, unokuhlanjwa kuphela, kwaye ubushushu bokuhlamba abukwazi ukudlula ama-degrees angama-40, abukwazi ukuchasana nokukhanya kwelanga, awukwazi ukudibanisa nezinye i-solvents eziphilayo.
    Umahluko phakathi kwezihlangu zesikhumba ze-PU kunye nezihlangu ezenziweyo: inzuzo yezihlangu zesikhumba ezenziweyo kukuba ixabiso lincinci, ukungahambi kakuhle kulula ukuqiniswa, kwaye ixabiso le-PU izihlangu zesikhumba zokwenziwa ziphezulu kunezihlangu ze-PVC ezenziwe ngesikhumba. Ukusuka kwisakhiwo sekhemikhali, ilaphu le-PU izihlangu zesikhumba zokwenziwa zisondele kwizihlangu zesikhumba, azisebenzisi iiplasticizers ukufezekisa iipropathi ezithambileyo, ngoko ke akayi kuba lukhuni, abe brittle, kwaye abe neengenelo zombala otyebileyo, iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. yeepateni, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi kunezihlangu zesikhumba, ngoko ke ithandwa ngabathengi

  • Umgangatho oPhezulu wokuQinisa iPatheni yeNyoka yeHolographic PU Synthetic yesikhumba eNgangeni manzi ngokuSetyenziswa kweFanitshala yeSofa

    Umgangatho oPhezulu wokuQinisa iPatheni yeNyoka yeHolographic PU Synthetic yesikhumba eNgangeni manzi ngokuSetyenziswa kweFanitshala yeSofa

    Kukho malunga neentlobo ezine zamalaphu esikhumba anokwakheka kolusu lwenyoka kwimarike, ezizezi: PU synthetic leather, PVC eyenziwe ngethwathwa, ilaphu elikroliweyo kunye nolusu lwenyoka lokwenyani. Singaliqonda ngokubanzi ilaphu, kodwa isiphumo somphezulu se-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa kunye ne-PVC yesikhumba eyenziweyo, kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa yangoku, umntu ophakathi kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula, ngoku kukuxelela indlela elula yokwahlukana.
    Indlela yokujonga umbala wedangatye, umbala womsi kunye nevumba lomsi emva kokutshisa.
    I-1, ilangatye lelaphu elisezantsi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye tyheli, umsi omhlophe, akukho ncasa icacileyo ye-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa.
    2, emazantsi edangatye kukukhanya okuluhlaza, umsi omnyama, kwaye kukho ivumba elibonakalayo elikhuthazayo lomsi lesikhumba sePVC.
    3, emazantsi elangatye ngumthubi, umsi omhlophe, kwaye ivumba leenwele ezitshileyo yidermis. I-Dermis yenziwe ngeprotheyini kwaye incasa i-mushy xa itshisiwe.

  • IWholesale Embossed Snake Grain PU Synthetic Isikhumba Esingangeni Manzi Isihombiso Solulwayo seFanitshala yeFanitshala yeSofa IiHandbags

    IWholesale Embossed Snake Grain PU Synthetic Isikhumba Esingangeni Manzi Isihombiso Solulwayo seFanitshala yeFanitshala yeSofa IiHandbags

    Isikhumba sokwenziwa Imveliso yeplastiki elinganisa ukubunjwa kunye nokwakheka kwesikhumba sendalo kwaye inokusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli endaweni yayo.
    Isikhumba sokwenziwa sikholisa ukwenziwa ngelaphu elimiliselweyo elingalukwanga njengomaleko wemesh kunye ne-microporous polyurethane layer njengomaleko weenkozo. Amacala ayo alungileyo kunye angalunganga afana kakhulu nesikhumba, kwaye anokungena okuthile, okukufutshane nesikhumba sendalo kunesikhumba esiqhelekileyo sokwenziwa. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso yezicathulo, iibhuthi, iingxowa kunye neebhola.

    Isikhumba sokwenziwa ayisosikhumba sokwenyani, ufele lwenziwa ikakhulu ngeresin kunye nelaphu elingalukwanga njengezona zinto ziphambili zesikhumba sokwenziwa, nangona ingeyiyo yokwenyani, kodwa ilaphu lesikhumba sokwenziwa lithambile kakhulu, kwiimveliso ezininzi ebomini. sele isetyenzisiwe, yenze ukungabikho kwesikhumba, ngokwenene kubomi bemihla ngemihla yaBantu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubanzi kakhulu. Ithe ngcembe yatshintsha idermis yendalo.
    Izinto ezilungileyo zesikhumba sokwenziwa:
    I-1, i-synthetic yesikhumba yinethiwekhi yesakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu yelaphu elingalukwanga, umphezulu omkhulu kunye nefuthe elinamandla lokufunxa amanzi, ukuze abasebenzisi bazive bebambe kakuhle kakhulu.
    2, inkangeleko yesikhumba zokwenziwa kwakhona kakhulu ogqibeleleyo, yonke ngethwathwa ukunika umntu imvakalelo ingakumbi engenasiphako, kunye nofele xa kuthelekiswa ukunika umntu imvakalelo hayi ngaphantsi.

  • IPremium Synthetic PU Microfiber yesikhumba Embossed Ipateni yokuNcitshiswa kwamanzi kwiZitulo zeMoto Impahla yeFanitshala yeeSofas

    IPremium Synthetic PU Microfiber yesikhumba Embossed Ipateni yokuNcitshiswa kwamanzi kwiZitulo zeMoto Impahla yeFanitshala yeeSofas

    Isikhumba se-microfiber ephuculweyo yi-synthetic yesikhumba eyenziwe nge-microfiber kunye ne-polyurethane (PU).
    Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwesikhumba semicrofiber ibandakanya ukwenza iimicrofibers (ezi ntsinga zincinci kuneenwele zomntu, okanye amaxesha angama-200 zincinci kakhulu) kwisakhiwo se-mesh esine-dimensional-dimensional mesh ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ethile, kwaye emva koko ukugquma esi sakhiwo ngepolyurethane resin ukwenza isikhumba sokugqibela. imveliso. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezigqwesileyo, ezifana nokunganyangeki, ukumelana nokubanda, ukunyanzeliswa komoya, ukuxhathisa ukuguga kunye nokuguquguquka okulungileyo, le nto isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iimpahla, ukuhlobisa, ifenitshala, ingaphakathi lemoto kunye nokunye.
    Ukongeza, ulusu lwemicrofiber lufana nelokwenyani ngenkangeleko kunye nokuziva, kwaye lude ludlule ufele lwenyani kwezinye iinkalo, njengokufana kobukhulu, amandla okukrazula, ukuqaqamba kombala kunye nokusetyenziswa komphezulu wolusu. Ngoko ke, i-microfiber yesikhumba iye yaba yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha indawo yesikhumba sendalo, ngakumbi ekukhuselweni kwezilwanyana kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunokubaluleka okubalulekileyo.

  • IWholesale 100% Polyester Imitation yelinen Sofa Fabric Premium Upholstery Fabric

    IWholesale 100% Polyester Imitation yelinen Sofa Fabric Premium Upholstery Fabric

    Ilinen yokuxelisa: Ilinen yokuxelisa yenziwe ngefiber yepolyester, enokwelula okugqwesileyo, amandla kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, kwaye ikwanamanzi angenawo amanzi, ingqina ukufuma kunye nokungagqwali. Ngoko ke, ilinen yokuxelisa isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimihlobiso yangaphakathi nangaphandle, iimpahla zendlu, imithwalo kunye nempahla.
    Ilinen yokuxelisa: Ukuthungwa kwelinen yokulinganisa kufana nelinen yokwenene, kwaye umphezulu ubonisa i-concave yendalo kunye nemvakalelo ye-convex kunye neenkcukacha ezicacileyo, ezityebileyo.
    Ilinen yokuxelisa: Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nokusebenza okungangeni manzi, ilinen yokuxelisa isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwikhaya langaphandle, ukuzonwabisa kwegadi kunye nezinye iindawo, ezifana nezitulo zegadi yokuphumla, i-sofa covers, iinqwelo zeenqwelo, njl. Ukongeza, ilinen yokuxelisa isetyenziselwa ukwenza. imithwalo, izihlangu, iimpahla, njl.

  • Ihoseyile yelaphu le-polyester yokulinganisa ilinen yesofa ilaphu elikhazimlayo lepolyester

    Ihoseyile yelaphu le-polyester yokulinganisa ilinen yesofa ilaphu elikhazimlayo lepolyester

    1. Ukulinganisa ilinen yelinen yilaphu le-polyester ye-100%.
    Ukulinganisa i-fiber yelinen ibhekisela kwifiber enenkangeleko kunye nokunxiba ukusebenza kwelinen yendalo ngokuguqulwa komzimba okanye iikhemikhali. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokulinganisa i-fiber yelinen ziquka i-polyester, i-acrylic, i-acetate fiber kunye ne-viscose fiber, phakathi kwayo i-polyester filament kunye ne-acrylic staple fiber inefuthe elihle kakhulu lokuxelisa ilinen.
    2. Ngoku ilinen yokulinganisa isetyenziswe kumashishini amaninzi okuvelisa iiteki kunye nempahla, ibe yinto entsha yefashoni. Uninzi lweelaphu zokulinganisa umqhaphu kunye nelinen zilukwe kwimicu yepolyester. Ngokubhekiselele kwimbonakalo yelaphu, ezi zimbini zifana kakhulu. Ngokumalunga nokuziva kwesandla, umahluko phakathi kwezi zibini awukho mkhulu.
    Nangona kunjalo, ukulinganisa umqhaphu kunye neelinen zelinen ziphantsi kakhulu kwi-cotton yangempela kunye nelinen yelinen ngokwemiqathango yokuphefumula kunye nokufunxa ukubila.
    3. Iindlela zokucutshungulwa kokulinganisa ifayibha yelinen:
    (1) Ukudibanisa nge-fiber yelinen, engagcini nje kuphela isitayela kunye nembonakalo yelinen, kodwa inika i-fiber yekhemikhali ukoma okukhawulezayo, amandla amahle kunye nokumelana nemibimbi.
    2
    (3) Iintsinga ezahlukeneyo ze-staple zixutywe kwaye zixutywe ukwenza umsonto odibeneyo kunye nokusebenza kwe-multi-layer, ukunika umsonto odibeneyo umoya ophefumulayo, othambileyo, ohlaziyayo kunye nowomileyo.

  • Ilaphu lesikhumba le-PU elenziwe ngesikhumba lokuhombisa isofa elithambileyo neliqinileyo isiciko esityibilikayo kwifanitshala yasekhaya umhombiso wobunjineli

    Ilaphu lesikhumba le-PU elenziwe ngesikhumba lokuhombisa isofa elithambileyo neliqinileyo isiciko esityibilikayo kwifanitshala yasekhaya umhombiso wobunjineli

    Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu besikhumba sePVC kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lwayo, izongezo, ubushushu bokusebenza kunye nokusingqongileyo. ...

    Ubushushu bokumelana nobushushu besikhumba sePVC bumalunga ne-60-80 ℃. Oku kuthetha ukuba, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, isikhumba sePVC esiqhelekileyo sinokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwii-degrees ze-60 ngaphandle kweengxaki ezicacileyo. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa lidlula ii-degrees ze-100, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane kwamkelekile, kodwa ukuba kwindawo yokushisa ephezulu ixesha elide, ukusebenza kwesikhumba se-PVC kunokuchaphazeleka. ...
    Ubushushu bokumelana nobushushu besikhumba obulungisiweyo bePVC bunokufikelela kwi-100-130 ℃. Olu hlobo lwesikhumba sePVC luhlala luphuculwa ngokongeza izongezo ezinje ngezizinzi, izithambisi kunye nezihluzi ukuphucula ukumelana nobushushu. Ezi zongezo azinakuthintela kuphela i-PVC ekuboleni kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kodwa zikwanciphisa i-viscosity enyibilikayo, ziphucule ukuqhubekeka, kunye nokwandisa ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nobushushu ngaxeshanye. ...
    Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu besikhumba bePVC bukwachatshazelwa bubushushu bokusebenza kunye nemeko yokusetyenziswa. Okukhona uphezulu ubushushu bokusebenza, kokukhona kusezantsi ukuxhathisa ubushushu kwePVC. Ukuba i-PVC yesikhumba isetyenziswa ixesha elide kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu kuya kuncipha. ...
    Ngamafutshane, ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu kwesikhumba sePVC esiqhelekileyo kuphakathi kwe-60-80 ℃, ngelixa ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu besikhumba obuguquliweyo bePVC kunokufikelela kwi-100-130 ℃. Xa usebenzisa ngethwathwa PVC, kufuneka ingqalelo ukumelana nobushushu bayo eliphezulu, kuphephe ukuyisebenzisa kwindawo ubushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ingqalelo ukulawula ubushushu processing ukwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo. ...