Imveliso yexolo yenkozo ihoseyile yerabha yelaphu yesikhokho

Ngo-2016, uFrancisco Merlino, usokhemisti wokusingqongileyo kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorence, kunye nomyili wefenitshala uGianpiero Tessitore waseka iVegea, inkampani yetekhnoloji ephinda isebenzise iintsalela ezilahliweyo zediliya emva kokwenziwa kwewayini, ezifana nezikhumba zeediliya, imbewu yeediliya, njl. Inkqubo yemveliso entsha isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa "isikhumba sepomace yediliya" esisekwe kwisityalo esiyi-100%, esingasebenzisi izinto eziyingozi zekhemikhali, kwaye sinesakhiwo esifana nesikhumba. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nangona olu hlobo lwesikhumba lwenziwe kwizixhobo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, alukwazi ukuzithoba ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokuba inani elithile le-polyurethane (PUD) longezwa kwindwangu egqityiweyo.

 Ngokwezibalo, kwiilitha ezili-10 zewayini eziveliswayo, malunga ne-2.5 yelitha yenkunkuma inokuveliswa, kwaye le nkunkuma inokwenziwa ibe yi-1 square meter yesikhumba somdiliya wepomace. Xa kuqwalaselwa ubungakanani bemarike yewayini ebomvu yehlabathi, le nkqubo isabalwa njengenye yenkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwiimveliso ezigcinakalayo ngokwendalo. Ngo-2019, uhlobo lwemoto iBentley yabhengeza ukuba ikhethe iVegea yangaphakathi yeemodeli zayo ezintsha. Le ntsebenziswano iyinkuthazo enkulu kuzo zonke iinkampani ezintsha zeteknoloji efanayo, kuba kuthetha ukuba isikhumba esizinzileyo sinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziphambili. vula amathuba emarike entsimini.

Isikhumba sephayinapile
I-Ananas Anam luphawu olwaqala eSpain. Umseki wayo uCarmen Hijosa wothuswa ziimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso yesikhumba kokusingqongileyo xa wayesebenza njengomcebisi woyilo lwamalaphu kwiiPhilippines. Ngoko ke wagqiba ekubeni adibanise ubutyebi bendalo bendawo kwiiPhilippines ukuphuhlisa imveliso ezinzileyo. Izinto eziphathekayo zempahla. Ekugqibeleni, ekhuthazwe ngamalaphu emveli alukiweyo akwiiPhilippines, wasebenzisa amagqabi ephayinaphu elahliweyo njengemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ngokucoca imicu ye-cellulose ehluthwe emagqabini kwaye isebenze kwizinto ezingalukwanga, wenza isikhumba esine-95% yezityalo. Utshintshiselwano lwanikwa ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza kwaye lwathiywa igama elinguPiatex. Isiqwenga ngasinye sePiatex esisemgangathweni sinokutya amaqhekeza angama-480 enkunkuma yamagqabi epayinapile (amapayina ali-16).

Ngokutsho koqikelelo, ngaphezu kwe-27 yezigidi zeetoni zamagqabi amapayina alahlwayo nyaka ngamnye. Ukuba le nkunkuma ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ufele, inxalenye enkulu yokukhutshwa kwemveliso yesikhumba yesintu ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuncitshiswa. Ngo-2013, i-Hijosa yaseka i-Ananas Anam Company, esebenzisana neefektri zasePhilippine nase-Spain, kunye nelona qela likhulu lokutyala amapayina kwiiPhilippines, ukuthengisa ngethwathwa ePiatex. Le ntsebenziswano ixhamla ngaphezu kwe-700 yeentsapho zakwiiPhilippines, ezivumela ukuba bafumane ingeniso eyongezelelweyo ngokubonelela ngamagqabi ephayinaphu alahliweyo. Ukongeza, isityalo esiseleyo sihlala emva kokusetyenziswa njengesichumisi. Namhlanje, iPiatex isetyenziswa phantse ngama-3,000 eemveliso kumazwe angama-80, kubandakanya iNike, iH&M, iHugo Boss, iHilton, njl.

isikhumba segqabi
Izikhumba zemifuno ezenziwe ngomthi we-teak, amaqabunga ebhanana kunye namagqabi esundu nawo afumana ngokukhawuleza ukuthandwa. Isikhumba seqabunga asinayo kuphela iimpawu zobunzima obulula, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuqinileyo, kunye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo, kodwa kwakhona kunenzuzo ekhethekileyo kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukumila okukodwa kunye nokuthungwa kwegqabi ngalinye kuya kubonakala kwisikhumba, okuya kwenza wonke umsebenzisi. Iikhava zeencwadi, izipaji kunye neebhegi ezenziwe ngesikhumba samagqabi ziimveliso ezizodwa ezikuphela kwehlabathi.

Ukongeza ekuthinteleni ungcoliseko, izikhumba ezahlukeneyo zamagqabi zikwaluncedo kakhulu ekungeniseni ingeniso kuluntu oluncinci. Ngenxa yokuba umthombo wezinto zesikhumba uwile amagqabi ehlathini, brand fashion oluzinzileyo unokusebenzisana kunye nemimandla ngasemva ngokwezoqoqosho, ukuqesha abahlali basekuhlaleni ukuba batyale imithi ngokukhutheleyo ekuhlaleni, ukuhlakulela "izinto eziluhlaza", kwaye emva koko baqokelele amagqabi awileyo kwaye benze inkqubo yokuqala ukufezekisa. Imeko yokuphumelela yokunyusa i-carbon sinks, ukwandisa ingeniso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa okuzinzileyo kwezinto eziluhlaza kunokubizwa ngokuba "ukuba ufuna ubutyebi, tyala imithi kuqala" kwishishini lefashoni.

mushroom ngesikhumba

Isikhumba se-Mushroom sesinye sezona zishushu "zesikhumba se-vegan" ngoku. I-Mycelium ye-Mushroom yi-fiber yendalo eninzi eyenziwe kwiingcambu ze-fungi kunye nama-mushroom. Yomelele kwaye kulula ukuthotywa, kwaye ukuthungwa kwayo kunezinto ezininzi ezifana nesikhumba. Akunjalo kuphela, kuba amakhowa akhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye "ngokungaqhelekanga" kwaye alungele kakhulu ukulungelelanisa nokusingqongileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba abaqulunqi beemveliso banokwenza ngokuthe ngqo "ukwenza" amakhowa ngokulungelelanisa ubukhulu, amandla, ukuthungwa, ukuguquguquka kunye nezinye iimpawu. Yenza imilo yezinto oyifunayo, ngaloo ndlela ugweme ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amaninzi afunwa yimfuyo yemveli kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yesikhumba.

Okwangoku, uphawu oluphambili lwesikhumba se-mushroom kwintsimi yesikhumba se-mushroom ibizwa ngokuba yi-Mylo, eyaphuhliswa yi-Bolt Threads, inkampani yokuqala ye-biotechnology ekomkhulu eSan Francisco, eU.SA. Ngokolwazi olufanelekileyo, inkampani inokuvelisa i-mycelium ekhulile kwindawo yendalo ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphakathi. Emva kokuvuna i-mycelium, abavelisi banokusebenzisa i-acids epholileyo, i-alcohol kunye nedayi ukuze bafake isikhumba se-mushroom ukulinganisa ulusu lwenyoka okanye lwengwenya. Okwangoku, iimpawu zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Adidas, uStella McCartney, uLululemon, kunye noKering baye baqala ukusebenzisana noMylo ukuvelisa iimveliso zesikhumba se-mushroom.

ufele lwekhokhonathi

Isitudiyo esise-Indiya iMilai abaseki uZuzana Gombosova kunye noSusmith Suseelan bebesebenza ekudaleni ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kwiikhokhonathi. Basebenzisana nomzi-mveliso wekhokhonathi kumazantsi eIndiya ukuqokelela amanzi alahliweyo ekhokhonathi kunye nolusu lwekhokhonathi. Ngokusebenzisa uthotho lweenkqubo ezinje ngokuvala inzala, ukubila, ukucokisa, kunye nokubumba, icoconut ekugqibeleni yenziwa izinto ezinje ngethwathwa. Ayisiyiyo kuphela le nto yesikhumba engenamanzi, iphinda itshintshe umbala ngokuhamba kwexesha, inika imveliso imbonakalo enkulu.

Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, aba baseki babini abazange baqale bacinge ukuba banokwenza ngethwathwa ngeekhokhonathi, kodwa njengoko babeqhubeka bezama, ngokuthe ngcembe bafumanisa ukuba imveliso yovavanyo esezandleni zabo yayikhangeleka ngathi luhlobo lwethwathwa. Emva kokuqonda ukuba izinto eziye zifana nesikhumba, baqala ukukhangela ngakumbi iipropati zekhokhonathi kulo mba kwaye baqhubeka befunda ezinye iipropati ezihambelanayo ezifana namandla, ukuguquguquka, iteknoloji yokucubungula kunye nokufumaneka kwezinto ukuze kube kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwinyani. into. ngethwathwa. Oku kunokunika abantu abaninzi isityhilelo, oko kukuthi, uyilo oluzinzileyo aluqalisi kuphela ngokwembono yeemveliso ezikhoyo. Maxa wambi ukugxininisa kuyilo lwempahla nako kunokuvelisa iinzuzo ezininzi.

Zininzi iintlobo ezinomdla zolusu oluzinzileyo, olunje ngesikhumba secactus, iapile, isikhumba sexolo, nettle nettle, kunye ne "biomanufactured leather" eyenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-stem cell engineering, njl.