PVC Tawv rau Tsheb Rooj Npog

  • Lychee Texture Microfiber Tawv Glitter Npuag Embossed Lychee Grain PU Tawv

    Lychee Texture Microfiber Tawv Glitter Npuag Embossed Lychee Grain PU Tawv

    Yam ntxwv ntawm Lychee Synthetic Tawv
    1. Kev ntxhib los mos zoo nkauj
    Microfiber tawv lychee yog cov tawv tawv tshwj xeeb nrog kev ntxhib los mos zoo li daim tawv nqaij ntawm lychee, uas muaj qhov zoo nkauj heev. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos no tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov kov zoo nkauj rau cov rooj tog zaum, lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb, hnab tawv thiab lwm yam khoom, ua rau lawv zoo nkauj dua hauv kev pom.
    2. Ua haujlwm zoo
    Microfiber tawv lychee tsis yog tsuas yog zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj heev. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus kev siv mus ntev, hnav thiab cuam tshuam yam tsis muaj kev tawg lossis tawg. Yog li ntawd, microfiber tawv lychee yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua cov rooj tog zoo, lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb thiab lwm yam khoom siv mus sij hawm ntev.
    3. Kev tu thiab tu yooj yim
    Piv nrog cov tawv tiag tiag, microfiber tawv lychee yog yooj yim rau kev tswj thiab tu. Nws tsis tas yuav siv cov roj tu tawv nqaij lossis lwm yam khoom siv kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej sov thiab xab npum, uas yooj yim heev thiab ceev.
    4. Muaj ntau yam xwm txheej
    Vim tias microfiber tawv lychee muaj ntau yam zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov rooj tog zaum, lub tsheb sab hauv, hnab ev khoom, khau thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ntxiv luster rau cov khoom, tab sis kuj ua kom nws cov khoom zoo ruaj khov thiab kho yooj yim.
    Hauv kev xaus, Microfiber Pebbled yog tawv tawv zoo nkauj heev nrog ntau yam zoo. Yog tias koj xav tau ib qho zoo nkauj, zoo, yooj yim-rau-ua tawv zoo nkauj thaum yuav khoom xws li rooj tog lossis rooj zaum hauv tsheb, ces Microfiber Pebbled yog qhov kev xaiv zoo heev.

  • Automotive Upholstery Fabric Pvc Rexine Synthetic Tawv faux tawv rau lub rooj zaum tsheb

    Automotive Upholstery Fabric Pvc Rexine Synthetic Tawv faux tawv rau lub rooj zaum tsheb

    PVC khoom zoo:
    1. Lub qhov rooj vaj huam sib luag yav tas los ua los ntawm cov yas nrog siab gloss. Lub advent ntawm PVC tau enriched tsheb sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Siv PVC imitation tawv cov ntaub ntawv los hloov cov yas molded qhov chaw tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsos thiab kov ntawm cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, thiab ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab lwm qhov chaw thaum ntsib kev sib tsoo.

    2. Cov ntaub ntawv PVC-PP tau cog lus los tuav lub luxurious kov thaum ua lub teeb yuag

    PVC cov khoom nta:

    1) High-zoo nto nyhuv

    2) Muaj zog siv tau hauv ntau yam txheej txheem xaus

    3) Tsis-flammable & amine-resistant

    4) Tsawg emissions

    5) Variable tactile xav

    6) Tus nqi-zoo

    7) Lub teeb yuag tsim, hnyav tsuas yog 50% ~ 60% ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv zoo tib yam

    8) tawv tawv zoo nkauj thiab muag muag (piv nrog cov khoom yas)

    9) Muaj ntau yam xim thiab qauv tsim

    10) Cov qauv zoo khaws cia

    11) Kev ua haujlwm zoo heev

    12) Sawv cev rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam nruab nrab mus rau high-end

  • Waterproof Perforated Synthetic Microfiber Tsheb Tawv Npuag rau Tsheb Rooj

    Waterproof Perforated Synthetic Microfiber Tsheb Tawv Npuag rau Tsheb Rooj

    Superfine micro tawv yog ib hom tawv tawv, tseem hu ua superfine fiber reinforced tawv. cov

    Superfine micro tawv, lub npe tag nrho "superfine fiber reinforced tawv", yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws ua los ntawm kev sib txuas cov fibers superfine nrog polyurethane (PU). Cov khoom siv no muaj ntau yam zoo heev, xws li hnav tsis kam, khawb tsis kam, tsis muaj dej, tiv thaiv fouling, thiab lwm yam, thiab zoo ib yam li tawv tawv hauv lub cev, thiab tseem ua tau zoo dua hauv qee yam. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tawv nqaij muaj ntau yam, los ntawm daim carding thiab koob punching ntawm superfine luv fibers los tsim cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-woven nrog ib tug peb-dimensional qauv network, rau ntub ua, PU resin impregnation, tawv sib tsoo thiab dyeing, thiab lwm yam. , thiab thaum kawg tsim cov khoom siv nrog zoo heev hnav tsis kam, breathability, yooj thiab aging kuj.

    Piv nrog rau tej tawv nqaij, superfine tawv yog heev zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv tsos thiab kev xav, tab sis nws yog tsim los ntawm dag txhais tau tias, tsis muab rho tawm los ntawm cov tsiaj tawv. Qhov no ua rau cov tawv superfine kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi, thaum muaj qee qhov zoo ntawm cov tawv tawv, xws li hnav tsis kam, txias ua haujlwm, ua pa, kev laus ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, tawv tawv superfine kuj yog ib puag ncig zoo thiab yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws los hloov cov tawv nqaij. . Vim nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, microfiber tawv tau siv dav hauv ntau yam xws li zam, rooj tog zaum, thiab tsheb sab hauv.

  • Kub Muag Recycled PVC faux tawv quilted PU Imitation tawv Rau Tsheb Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum

    Kub Muag Recycled PVC faux tawv quilted PU Imitation tawv Rau Tsheb Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum

    Cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab ntawm cov tsheb hauv lub rooj zaum tawv feem ntau yog ntsuas raws li cov qauv xws li GB 8410-2006 thiab GB 38262-2019. Cov qauv no tau muab cov kev cai nruj rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntaub ntawv xws li lub rooj zaum tawv, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub neej ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb thiab tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov.

    GB 8410-2006 tus qauv qhia txog cov kev cai thiab kev xeem cov txheej txheem rau kab rov tav combustion yam ntxwv ntawm automotive tha xim sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kab rov tav combustion yam ntxwv ntawm automotive tha xim sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Cov qauv no ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm cov kab rov tav combustion tests. Cov qauv tsis hlawv, lossis cov nplaim taws kub hnyiab ntawm cov qauv ntawm qhov ceev tsis tshaj 102mm / min. Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm kuaj, yog tias tus qauv kub hnyiab tau tsawg dua 60 vib nas this, thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv puas yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 51 hli txij li lub sijhawm pib, nws raug txiav txim siab kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm GB 8410.
    GB 38262-2019 tus qauv tso rau pem hauv ntej cov kev xav tau siab dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv, thiab siv tau rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb niaj hnub cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv. Tus txheej txheem faib cov neeg caij tsheb cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv rau hauv peb theem: V0, V1, thiab V2. Qib V0 qhia tau hais tias cov khoom siv tau zoo heev combustion kev ua tau zoo, yuav tsis kis tom qab ignition, thiab muaj cov pa luam yeeb tsis tshua muaj ceev, uas yog siab tshaj plaws kev nyab xeeb theem. Kev ua raws li cov qauv no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb uas txuas nrog rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom xws li lub rooj zaum tawv uas ncaj qha rau tib neeg lub cev. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm nws cov nplaim hluav taws kub yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab tsim tsheb yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv sab hauv xws li lub rooj zaum tawv ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov qauv no kom ntseeg tau tias kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsheb thiab kev nplij siab ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb.

  • Tsawg Moq Sab saum toj Zoo Pvc Synthetic Leather Materials Square Printed Rau Automotive Tsheb Rooj

    Tsawg Moq Sab saum toj Zoo Pvc Synthetic Leather Materials Square Printed Rau Automotive Tsheb Rooj

    Cov kev cai thiab cov qauv rau lub tsheb lub rooj zaum tawv feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom siv lub cev, cov ntsuas ib puag ncig, kev xav zoo nkauj, kev xav tau thiab lwm yam. cov

    Lub cev lub cev thiab cov cim qhia ib puag ncig: Cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov ntsuas ib puag ncig ntawm lub rooj zaum tawv yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg siv. Lub cev lub cev muaj xws li lub zog, hnav tsis kam, huab cua tsis kam, thiab lwm yam, thaum cov ntsuas ib puag ncig muaj feem xyuam rau ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb ntawm tawv, xws li seb nws puas muaj cov khoom tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev xav zoo nkauj: Cov kev xav zoo nkauj ntawm lub rooj zaum tawv tawv muaj xws li xim xim. , zoo softness, ruaj khov, du zoo, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev xav tau no tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub rooj zaum, tab sis kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho cov khoom zoo thiab qib ntawm lub tsheb. Cov kev cai tsim nyog: Cov txheej txheem kev cai rau lub rooj zaum tawv tawv muaj xws li tus nqi atomization, lub teeb nrawm, kub tsis kam, tensile zog, extensibility, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, xws li hnyav rho tawm tus nqi, nplaim hluav taws, tsis muaj tshauv, thiab lwm yam, kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg tawv. Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb: Kuj tseem muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hauv tsheb tshwj xeeb, xws li cov ntawv qhia ua npuas ncauj, npog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, qhov ntsuas lub cev thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj zaum fabrics, cov kev xav tau ntawm lub rooj zaum, thiab lwm yam. txhua tus ua raws li cov qauv thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb.
    Cov tawv tawv: Cov tawv tawv ntau rau cov rooj zaum hauv tsheb muaj xws li tawv tawv (xws li PVC thiab PU tawv tawv), tawv microfiber, tawv tawv, thiab lwm yam. Txhua hom tawv muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab cov xwm txheej, thiab cov peev txheej, kev xav tau ntev thiab tus kheej nyiam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv.
    Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov kev cai thiab cov qauv rau automotive lub rooj zaum tawv npog ntau yam los ntawm lub cev khoom, ib puag ncig cov cim qhia txog kev zoo nkauj thiab kev xav tau, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev nplij siab thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb.

  • Lag luam wholesale Khoom Xim Square Hla Emboss Mos Synthetic PU Tawv Npuag rau Rooj Zaum Tsheb Rooj Case Notebook
  • Nrov qauv PVC hluavtaws tawv upholstery leatherette npuag rau lub rooj zaum pob npog thiab rooj tog zaum npog lub tsev

    Nrov qauv PVC hluavtaws tawv upholstery leatherette npuag rau lub rooj zaum pob npog thiab rooj tog zaum npog lub tsev

    Cov laj thawj vim li cas cov khoom siv PVC yog tsim rau lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb feem ntau suav nrog nws cov khoom zoo ntawm lub cev, kev ua tau zoo, thiab plasticity.
    Cov khoom siv lub cev zoo heev: PVC cov ntaub ntawv yog hnav-tiv taus, quav-resistant, acid-resistant, thiab alkali-resistant, uas ua rau lawv tiv taus kev sib txhuam, folding, thiab tshuaj lom neeg uas lub rooj zaum yuav ntsib hauv kev siv txhua hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv PVC kuj muaj qee qhov elasticity, uas tuaj yeem muab kev nplij siab zoo dua thiab ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub rooj zaum tsheb rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
    Tus nqi zoo: Piv nrog cov khoom siv ntuj xws li tawv, cov ntaub ntawv PVC yog pheej yig dua, uas ua rau nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tswj tus nqi. Hauv kev tsim cov rooj zaum hauv tsheb, kev siv cov khoom siv PVC tuaj yeem txo cov nqi tsim khoom thiab txhim kho kev lag luam kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom.
    Plasticity: PVC cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov yas zoo thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau yam xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab cov thev naus laus zis kho.
    Qhov no ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm kev tsim lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb, ua rau cov ntaub ntawv PVC muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv tsheb tsim. cov
    Txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv PVC muaj lawv qhov zoo hauv kev tsim lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb, lawv kuj muaj qee qhov kev txwv, xws li kev kov tsis zoo thiab ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm plasticizers. Yuav kom kov yeej cov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau nquag nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev, xws li bio-based PVC tawv thiab PUR hluavtaws tawv. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab no tau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nplij siab, thiab cia siab tias yuav dhau los ua kev xaiv zoo dua rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub tsheb yav tom ntej. cov

  • Kev Cai Perforated Faux Tawv Npog rau Tsheb Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum & Rooj Tog Upholstery Stretchable & Yooj Yim Siv rau Hnab

    Kev Cai Perforated Faux Tawv Npog rau Tsheb Rooj Zaum Rooj Zaum & Rooj Tog Upholstery Stretchable & Yooj Yim Siv rau Hnab

    PVC tawv tawv yog ib yam khoom sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm polyvinyl chloride los yog lwm yam resins nrog qee yam additives, txheej los yog laminating lawv ntawm substrate thiab ces ua lawv. Nws zoo ib yam li ntuj tawv thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm softness thiab hnav tsis kam.

    Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm PVC tawv tawv, cov khoom yas yuav tsum tau yaj thiab sib tov rau hauv lub xeev tuab, thiab tom qab ntawd sib npaug ntawm T / C knitted npuag puag raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau lub qhov cub foaming kom pib foaming, yog li ntawd nws muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam khoom thiab sib txawv cov kev xav tau ntawm softness. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws pib kho qhov chaw (dyeing, embossing, polishing, matte, sib tsoo thiab raising, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau raws li cov khoom xav tau tiag tiag).

    Ntxiv rau qhov muab faib ua ntau pawg raws li cov txheej txheem substrate thiab cov yam ntxwv, PVC tawv tawv feem ntau muab faib ua cov pawg hauv qab no raws li txoj kev ua.

    (1) PVC tawv tawv los ntawm txoj kev scraping

    ① Ncaj qha scraping txoj kev PVC tawv tawv

    ② Indirect scraping txoj kev PVC tawv tawv, tseem hu ua hloov txoj kev PVC tawv tawv (nrog rau txoj siv steel siv thiab tso tawm txoj kev);

    (2) Txoj kev Calendering PVC tawv tawv;

    (3) Extrusion txoj kev PVC tawv tawv;

    (4) Round screen txheej txheej txheej PVC tawv tawv.

    Raws li kev siv tseem ceeb, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom xws li khau, hnab thiab cov khoom siv tawv, thiab cov khoom siv zoo nkauj. Rau tib hom PVC tawv tawv, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom raws li kev faib tawm sib txawv.

    Piv txwv li, kev ua lag luam daim ntaub tawv tawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov tawv tawv tawv tawv lossis tawv tawv tawv.

  • Paj Ntaub Quilted Pvc Synthetic Leather Custom Rau Tsheb Rooj Synthetic Tawv

    Paj Ntaub Quilted Pvc Synthetic Leather Custom Rau Tsheb Rooj Synthetic Tawv

    PVC tawv, tseem hu ua PVC mos hnab tawv, yog cov khoom muag muag, xis, muag muag thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog PVC, uas yog cov khoom siv yas. Cov rooj tog hauv tsev ua los ntawm PVC tawv yog nrov heev ntawm cov pej xeem.
    PVC tawv yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv high-end tsev so, clubs, KTV thiab lwm qhov chaw, thiab kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev lag luam, villas thiab lwm lub tsev. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho cov phab ntsa, PVC tawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los kho cov rooj zaum, qhov rooj thiab tsheb.
    PVC tawv muaj suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo, noo noo-pov thawj thiab tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ua haujlwm. Kho chav pw nrog PVC tawv tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw nyob ntsiag to rau tib neeg so. Tsis tas li ntawd, PVC tawv yog rainproof, fireproof, antistatic thiab yooj yim los ntxuav, ua rau nws tsim nyog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam.

  • Nappa Material Rexine soft automotive Vinyls Fire Resistant Pvc Tawv Synthetic tawv khoom faux PVC tawv rau lub rooj zaum npog rooj tog

    Nappa Material Rexine soft automotive Vinyls Fire Resistant Pvc Tawv Synthetic tawv khoom faux PVC tawv rau lub rooj zaum npog rooj tog

    1. Peb PVC tawv rau cov rooj tog zaum muaj qhov zoo ntawm tes nrog cov mos mos, ntuj thiab superfine nplej.

    2. Abrasion-resistant thiab Scratch-resistant.

    3. nplaim retardant, US standard los yog UK standard nplaim retardant.

    4. Tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw.

    5. Yooj yim rau kev saib xyuas thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, Peb tuaj yeem muab cov qauv thiab xim kho kom haum raws li koj qhov kev thov.

     

  • Bright Crocodile grain pvc tawv npuag Artificial Brazil Snake Pattern PVC Embossed Tawv Npuag Rau Upholstery mos hnab

    Bright Crocodile grain pvc tawv npuag Artificial Brazil Snake Pattern PVC Embossed Tawv Npuag Rau Upholstery mos hnab

    PVC tawv, lub npe tag nrho ntawm polyvinyl chloride hluavtaws tawv, yog cov khoom siv los ntawm cov ntaub coated nrog polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, plasticizers, stabilizers thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxiv. Qee lub sij hawm nws kuj tseem npog nrog ib txheej ntawm PVC zaj duab xis. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.

    Qhov zoo ntawm PVC tawv muaj xws li lub zog ntau dua, tus nqi qis, cov nyhuv zoo nkauj, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej tsis zoo thiab kev siv siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tawv tiag tiag ntawm kev xav thiab elasticity, thiab nws yooj yim rau hnub nyoog thiab tawv tom qab siv mus ntev.

    PVC tawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, xws li ua lub hnab, lub rooj zaum npog, hauv ob sab phlu, thiab lwm yam., thiab tseem yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov mos mos thiab tawv hnab nyob rau hauv cov hniav zoo nkauj teb.

  • Waterproof Polyester Synthetic PVC Tawv Artificial Knitted Backing rau Sofa Dej Resistant Faux Tawv

    Waterproof Polyester Synthetic PVC Tawv Artificial Knitted Backing rau Sofa Dej Resistant Faux Tawv

    PVC tawv, lub npe tag nrho ntawm polyvinyl chloride hluavtaws tawv, yog cov khoom siv los ntawm cov ntaub coated nrog polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, plasticizers, stabilizers thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxiv. Qee lub sij hawm nws kuj tseem npog nrog ib txheej ntawm PVC zaj duab xis. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.

    Qhov zoo ntawm PVC tawv muaj xws li lub zog ntau dua, tus nqi qis, cov nyhuv zoo nkauj, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej tsis zoo thiab kev siv siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tawv tiag tiag ntawm kev xav thiab elasticity, thiab nws yooj yim rau hnub nyoog thiab tawv tom qab siv mus ntev.

    PVC tawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, xws li ua lub hnab, lub rooj zaum npog, hauv ob sab phlu, thiab lwm yam., thiab tseem yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov mos mos thiab tawv hnab nyob rau hauv cov hniav zoo nkauj teb.